Role of neutrophils in various forms of periodontal diseases "Transition from defender to perpetrator"

---

Review Article

Author Details : Navneet Kaur*, Rishi Bhatia

Volume : 9, Issue : 3, Year : 2021

Article Page : 118-128

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.idjsr.2021.023

Suggest article by email

Get Permission

---

Abstract

Neutrophils are short lived, non-mitotic cells generated in large numbers from pluripotent stem cells living within the bone marrow. During myelopoiesis neutrophils accumulates the vital capabilities to detect cross contamination, migrate to the site of infection and ingest and kill micro-organism. Neutrophils are present during all the levels of pathogenesis of the periodontal lesion. Periodontal disease is a common sequela related to altered phagocyte response. Neutrophils are the preliminary leukocytes recruited into the gingiva. They go out of the circulation and move into the junctional epithelium and gingival crevice, where they offer the first cellular host mechanisms to contact and control periodontal bacteria. The pocket represents exceptionally ambitious surroundings for neutrophils due to the fact that they faced through and respond to pathogens with little or no virulence potential. Also, there is a strong relationship between altered PMN activity and localized aggressive periodontitis. Altered neutrophil function is an appealing model system for knowledge of periodontal pathology in LJP. Data on the functional aspect of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of periodontitis are mixed. Neutrophils are an essential arm of the defence in opposition to periodontitis, however, bacterial evasion of the neutrophil microbicidal equipment coupled with delayed neutrophil apoptosis may also remodelled the neutrophil from “defender to perpetrator”. At this degree of knowledge, attempts to results in host modulation through neutrophil suppression or activation are premature.
 

Keywords: Periodontitis, Aggressive periodontitis, chronic periodontitis, gingivitis, immune response, phagocytic abnormality, bacterial challenge

How to cite : Kaur N, Bhatia R, Role of neutrophils in various forms of periodontal diseases "Transition from defender to perpetrator". Int Dent J Stud Res 2021;9(3):118-128

This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.